South African Movers & Movements:
Fighting for Social Justice
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Africa: An Encyclopedia for Students
John Middleton, ed.
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South African History Online
http://www.sahistory.org.za |
An African Biographical Dictionary
Norbert Brockman, ed. |
Social Justice Organizations
Steve Biko | Dennis Brutus |Yusuf Dadoo |Sheena Duncan | Ruth First |Bram Fischer |
Nadine Gordimer |Chris Hani | Helen Joseph |Clements Kadalie |Alex La Guma |Albert Luthuli |
Nelson Mandela |Winnie Mandela |Charlotte Maxeke |Govan Mbeki |Fatima Meer |Lilian Ngoyi
|Solomon Plaatjie |Albertina Sisulu |Walter Sisulu |Robert Sobukwe |Joe Solvo |Desmond Tutu
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General Resources
African National Congress. http://www.anc.org.za/ Accessed June 17, 2003.
Appiah, Kwame Anthony and Henry Louis Gates, ed. Africana Encyclopedia. New York: Basic Civitas Books, 1999.
Brockman, Norbert. An African Biographical Dictionary. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO, 1994.
Knight, Virginia Curtin, ed. African Biography. 3 vols. New York: UXL, 1999.
Middleton, John, ed. Africa : An Encyclopedia for Students. 4 vols. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. 2002.
Russell, Diana E. H. Lives of Courage: Women for a New South Africa. New York: Basic Books, 1989.
South African History Online http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/index/menu.htm Accessed October 22, 2008.
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South African Movers and Shakers
Steve Biko
"Steve Biko." South African History Online http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/biko-s.htm Accessed October 22, 2008.
"Biko, Steve." Africa : An Encyclopedia for Students. Ed. John Middleton. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. 2002. 1:85-86.
"Steve Biko." African Biography. Ed. Virginia Curtin Knight. New York: UXL, 1999, 1: 59.
Tuttle, Kate. "Biko, Stephen." Africana Encyclopedia, Ed. Kwame Anthony Appiah and Henry Louis Gates. New York: Basic Civitas Books, 1999: 233.
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Dennis Brutus
"Brutus, Dennis." Africana Encyclopedia. Ed. Appiah, Kwame Anthony and Henry Louis Gates. New York: Basic Civitas Books, 1999: 325.
"Brutus, Dennis." DISCovering Authors, Gale Group, 1999.
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Sheena Duncan
"Sheena Duncan." South African History Online http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/governence-projects/womens-struggle/biographies.htm#D Accessed October 22, 2008.
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Yusuf Dadoo
Soobrayan, Venitha. Yusuf Dadoo. Johannesburg: Maskew Miller Longman, 1993.
"Yusuf Dadoo." South African History Online http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/dadoo,y.htm Accessed October 22, 2008.
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Ruth First
"First, Ruth. " Africana Encyclopedia. Ed. Kwame Anthony Appiah, and Henry Louis Gates. New York: Basic Civitas Books, 1999: 757.
Pinnock, Don. Ruth First (They Fought for Freedom Series). Cape Town, Maskew Miller Longman, 1995.
"Ruth First." South African History Online http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/first,r.htm Accessed October 22, 2008.
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Bram Fischer
"Bram Fischer." South African History Online http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/fischer,b.htm Accessed October 22, 2008.
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Nadine Gordimer
Aguiar, Marian. "Nadine Gordimer," Africana Encyclopedia, Ed. Kwame Anthony Appiah, and Henry Louis Gates, New York: Basic Civitas Books, 1999: 847-848.
"Nadine Gordimer." African Biography. Ed. Virginia Curtin Knight. New York: UXL, 1999, 1:125.
"Gordimer, Nadine." Africa : An Encyclopedia for Students. Ed. John Middleton. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. 2002. vol. 2:101
"Nadine Gordimer." Nobel e-Museum. http://www.nobel.se/literature/laureates/1991/ Accessed June 17, 2003.
"Nadine Gordimer." South African History Online http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/nobel%20prize/nobel-prize-literature.htm Accessed October 22, 2008.
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Chris Hani
Berger, Michele. Chris Hani. Johannesburg: Maskew Miller Longman, 1994.
"Chris Hani." South African History Online http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/hani,c.htm Accessed October 22, 2008.
Tuttle, Kate. "Hani, Chris." Africana Encyclopedia, Ed. Kwame Anthony Appiah and Henry Louis Gates. New York: Basic Civitas Books, 1999:918-919.
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Helen Joseph
Frederikse, Julie. Helen Joseph (They Fought for Freedom Series). Cape Town, Maskew Miller Longman, 1995.
"Helen Joseph." South African History Online http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/joseph,h.htm Accessed June 17, 2003.
"Helen Joseph." African National Congress. http://www.anc.org.za/ancdocs/history/people/hjoseph.html Access June 17, 2003.
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Clements Kadalie
" Kadalie, Clements." Africana Encyclopedia. Ed. Kwame Anthony Appiah and Henry Louis Gates. New York: Basic Civitas Books, 1999:1074-1075.
"Clements Kadalie." South African History Online http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/kadalie-c.htm Access October 22, 2008.
"Kadalie, Clements." Africa : An Encyclopedia for Students. Ed. John Middleton. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. 2002. 2: 175-176
Alex La Guma
"Alex La Guma." South African History Online http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/laGuma,a.htm Accessed October 22, 2008.
"La Guma, Alex." Africana Encyclopedia. Ed. Kwame Anthony Appiah and Henry Louis Gates. New York: Basic Civitas Books, 1999:1116.
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Albert Luthuli
"Luthuli, Albert ." Africana Encyclopedia. Ed. Kwame Anthony Appiah and Henry Louis Gates. New York: Basic Civitas Books, 1999:1210.
"Albert Luthuli." African Biography. Ed. Virginia Curtin Knight. New York: UXL, 1999. 2: 263.
"Albert Luthuli." Nobel e-Museum. http://www.nobel.se/peace/laureates/1960/lutuli-bio.html Accessed June 17, 2003.
Albert Luthuli South African History Online. http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/lutuli,aCHIEF.htm Accessed October 22, 2008.
Luthuli, Albert." Africa : An Encyclopedia for Students. Ed. John Middleton. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. 2002. 2: 34-35.
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Mariam Makeba
"Mariam Makeba," Africana Encyclopedia. Ed. Kwame Anthony Appiah, and Henry Louis Gates. New York: Basic Civitas Books, 1999: 1227.
"Miriam Makeba." African Biography. Ed. Virginia Curtin Knight. New York: UXL, 1999, 2:304.
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Nelson Mandela
"Nelson Mandela." African Biography. Ed. Virginia Knight Curtin. New York: UXL, 1999. 2: 309.
"Mandela, Nelson." Africa : An Encyclopedia for Students. Ed. John Middleton. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. 2002. 3: 57-58
"Nelson Mandela." Nobel e - Museum. http://www.nobel.se/peace/laureates/1993/mandela-bio.html Accessed June 17, 2003.
"Nelson Mandela." African National Congress. http://www.anc.org.za/people/mandela/ Accessed June 17, 2003.
Tuttle, Kate. "Mandela, Nelson." Africana Encyclopedia. Ed. Kwame Anthony Appiah and Henry Louis Gates. New York: Basic Civitas Books, 1999: 1244-1245.
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Winnie Mandela
Brockman, Norbert. "Mandela, Winnie (Nomzamo Madikizela)." An African Biographical Dictionary. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO, 1994: 212-214.
"Winnie Mandela." African Biography. Ed. Virginia Curtin Knight. New York: UXL, 1999, 2:277.
"Winnie Mandela." African National Congress. http://www.anc.org.za/people/mandela_nw.html Accessed June 17, 2003.
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Charlotte Maxeke
"Charlotte Maxeke." African National Congress. <http://www.anc.org.za/ancdocs/history/people/maxeke.html> Accessed June 25, 2003.
"Charlotte Maxeke." Great Epic Books: The Great Books of Africa and other Items of Antiguitarian Interest. March 1998. <http://www.greatepicbooks.com/epics/march98.html> Accessed June 26, 2003.
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Govan Mbeki
"Govan Mbeki." South African History Online http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/mbeki-g.htm Accessed October 22, 2008.
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Lilian Ngoyi
"Lilian Ngoyi." African National Congress. http://www.anc.org.za/ancdocs/history/people/lngoyi.html Accessed June 17, 2003.
"Ngoyi, Lilian Masediba: South African Civil-Rights Activist. " The Grolier Library of Women's Biographies. Danbury, Connecticut: Grolier Educational, 1998: 103-104.
"Lilian Ngoyi." South African History Online http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/ngoyi,l.htm Accessed October 22, 2008.
Stewart, Dianne. Lilian Ngoyi. Johannesburg: Maskew Miller Longman, 1996.
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Solomon Plaatje
"Plaatje, Solomon. Africana Encyclopedia. Ed. Kwame Anthony Appiah and Henry Louis Gates. New York: Basic Civitas Books, 1999: 1529.
"Plaatje, Solomon." Africa : An Encyclopedia for Students. Ed. John Middleton. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. 2002. 3:175-176.
Pampallis, John. Solomon Plaatje. Johannesburg: Maskew Miller Longman, 1992.
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Albertina Sisulu
"Albertina Sisulu." South African History Online. http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/sisulu-a.htm Accessed October 22, 2008.
Brockman, Norbert. "Sisulu, Nontsikelelo Albertina." An African Biographical Dictionary. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO, 1994: 325-326.
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Walter Sisulu
Brockman, Norbert. "Sisulu, Walter Max Ulyate." An African Biographical Dictionary. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO, 1994: 326-328.
"Sisulu, Walter." Africana Encyclopedia. Ed. Kwame Anthony Appiah and Henry Louis Gates. New York: Basic Civitas Books, 1999: 1714.
"Walter Sisulu." South African History Online http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/sisulu,w.htm Accessed October 22, 2008.
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JJoe Slovo
Brockman, Norbert. "Slovo Joe (Yossel Mashel)." An African Biographical Dictionary. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO, 1994: 330-331.
"Joe Slovo." South African History Online http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/slovo,j.htm Accessed October 22, 2008.
Pinnock, Don. Ruth First (They Fought for Freedom Series). Cape Town, Maskew Miller Longman, 1995.
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Robert Sobukwe
Brockman, Norbert. "Sobukwe, Robert Mangaliso." An African Biographical Dictionary. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO, 1994: 334-335.
"Robert Sobukwe." Robben Island Museum. http://www.robben-island.org.za/departments/heritage/gallery/sobukwe.asp Accessed June 17, 2003.
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Desmond Tutu
"Desmond Tutu." Nobel e-Museum. http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1984/tutu-bio.html
"Desmond Tutu." African Biography. Ed. Virginia Curtin Knight. New York: UXL, 1999. 3: 580.
"Tutu, Desmond." Africa : An Encyclopedia for Students. Ed. John Middleton. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. 2002. 4: 126.
Tuttle, Kate. " Tutu, Desmond." Africana Encyclopedia, Ed. Kwame Anthony Appiah and Henry Louis Gates. New York: Basic Civitas Books, 1999: 1904-1905.
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Social Justice Organizations
African National Congress
African National Congress Home Page. http://www.anc.org.za Accessed September 9, 2003.
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Black Consciousness Movement
South African History Online Special Projects. http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/governence-projects/black-consciousness/biko/biko-frameset.htm Accessed October 22, 2008.
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Black Sash
"Black Sash. " South Africa History Online. Special Projects http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/governence-projects/womens-struggle/org-blacksash.htm Accessed October 22, 2008.
Coalition for a Free South Africa (Columbia University, New York)
Brown, Frank Dexter. "The Columbia University Blockage," Apartheid: Calibrations of Color. New York: The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. 1991.
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Federation of South African Women
"Federation of South African Women."South Africa History Online. Special Projects
http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/governence-projects/womens-struggle/orgs-fedsaw.htm Accessed October 22, 2008.
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Pan-Africanist Congress
"Pan-Africanist Congress." South African History Online Special Projects
http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/governence-projects/organisations/pac/pac-frameset.htm Accessed October 22, 2008.
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South African Communist Party
South African Communist Party. http://www.sacp.org.za/ Accessed September 9, 2003.
"South African Communist Party." South African History Online. Special Projects http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/governence-projects/organisations/sacp/sacp-frameset.htm Accessed October 22, 2008.
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TransAfrica
"Randall M. Robinson." DISCovering Multicultural America. Online Edition. Gale, 2003. Reproduced in Student Resource Center. Detroit: Gale, 2004. http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/SRC Accessed 4/1/04. (Paid subscription service)
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United Democratic Front
"United Democratic Front." South African History Online. Special Projects http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/governence-projects/organisations/udf/menu.htm . Accessed October 22, 2008.
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This page was last updated on July 30, 2009
